Fast Market Conditions
Markets exhibiting unusually large trading volume and/or
great price variations are known as "fast markets". High volume
conditions may occur at the market opening, or intra-day, affecting trade
execution and reporting. Fast market conditions may be caused by various
factors. A common factor is an order imbalance - - where there are significantly
greater orders of one type (such as "buys") than another type (such as
"sells"). Recently fast market conditions have occurred with trading
in high technology stocks, particularly companies with an Internet-related
business. These companies' initial public offerings (IPO's), as well as their
secondary market trading, have often been characterized by heavy volume and
large price swings, resulting in significant volatility.
Risks Associated with Fast or Volatile Market Conditions
Delays in execution and trade reporting may occur in a fast
market. Also, a security's price may change very rapidly, causing significant
differences between the security's quoted price, and the ultimate execution
price for that security. The quote "size" for a security also may
change rapidly, and an entire order may not always be filled at the quoted
price. As a result, there is a substantial risk that all or part of an order may
be executed at a price substantially away from the market price quoted when the
order was placed.
The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority(FINRA)
recommends that we inform you as to certain practices by market-makers in the
NASDAQ and other over-the-counter securities markets. During normal market
conditions, market-makers often utilize automated execution systems or services
for eligible stocks, up to certain share sizes. These executions include
automated price improvement opportunities and acceptance of stop orders.
However, during fast market conditions, market-makers may decide to execute
orders manually, and not utilize such systems or services. This may result in
possible delays in order execution, resulting in executions at less favorable
prices.
Limit Orders and Market Orders
Market Order
A "market order" is an order to buy or sell a stock
at the best available price when the order is executed on the market. Market
orders are more likely to be filled, although not at a particular price
Limit Order
A "limit order" is an order to buy or sell a
security at a particular price, or better. A limit order will allow you to set a
price limit, although it will not guarantee that your order will be filled. A
limit order allows you to restrict the minimum price you are willing to receive
(in the case of a sell order) or the maximum price you are willing to pay (in
the case of a buy order). Your order will be executed at either your limit
price, or at a better price to you. However, even when the market moves to your
limit price, you are not assured an execution, because there may be other limit
orders ahead of your own order.
Use of Limit Orders
A limit order may reduce risk in a fast and/or volatile
market. A market order may be executed at a higher price (in the case of a buy)
or at lower price (in the case of a sell) than you had anticipated. A limit
order permits you to establish a maximum buy price, or a minimum sale price. You
should consider placing limit orders, instead of market orders, in a fast or
volatile market. Again, however, there is no guarantee in a fast market that
your limit order will be executed. During the initial day of secondary market
trading in an IPO security, Capital Securities will only accept limit orders - -
Capital Securities will not accept market orders.
Internet Access
On occasions, fast or volatile markets may effect your access
to the internet. Due to heavy volume, or other factors increasing system
traffic, you may not be able to obtain Internet access. Additionally, due to
high volume or system capacity limitations, you may encounter difficulties in
obtaining portfolio status, access to on-line information, or similar services
offered through Capital Securities. If you encounter difficulty in accessing the
internet, we urge you to contact us at 630-705-9800. Capital Securities will
attempt to take your order when the internet access is limited due to market
conditions.
Buying on Margin
A margin account cannot be opened unless the customer signs a
margin agreement. Under the agreement, the customer pledges the securities that
are purchased in the account to the brokerage firm. In return for the pledge of
securities, the brokerage firm loans the customer a portion of the purchase
price. If you plan to borrow money to buy stock, you also need to know the terms
of the loan your broker gave you and the inherent risks involved. In volatile
markets, an investor who puts up an initial margin payment for the purchase of
stock may be required to deposit additional funds, (thus the term "margin
call"), in his/her account if the price of the stock falls. If you do not
respond in a timely manner, stocks in your account could be sold to cover the
call and you would be held responsible for any losses. Your broker has the legal
right to sell your securities, without consulting you first, if your account
falls below the required minimum maintenance level.
Additional Effects of Fast Markets
Capital Securities also may raise margin requirements for
particular securities trading under fast market conditions. Where warranted,
Capital Securities may designate a security as not marginable, in which case you
will be required to purchase the security with 100% initial margin. Increasing
margin requirements helps ensure that there is adequate equity in your margin
account as protection in case of a large change in a security's value, which
reduces the likelihood that we will be required to liquidate your account assets
to meet a margin call.
Personal computers are not a direct link to the stock market
Although the Internet makes it seem as if you have a direct
connection to the securities market, you do not. The online investor's order
generally goes through the same process that it would, had he/she called his/her
broker directly. Moreover, by placing an order online, the investor opens the
door to a host of new, potential problems. These potential problems can consist
of clogged lines, system failure(s) anywhere between the investor's PC and the
actual exchange or electronic marketplace, and the fact that in fast markets
orders can, and often will, back up.
Delayed Trade/Cancellation Confirmations
With the large volume of securities being traded online, you
may occasionally experience trouble getting initial trade/cancellation
confirmations after execution/cancellation. The fact that you did not
immediately receive a trade report does not mean your order was not executed.
Avoid the temptation to re-enter the order, otherwise, you may end up entering
multiple orders for the same security that cannot be canceled. Another
misconception is that an order is canceled when you hit cancel on your computer.
In fact, the order is canceled only when the market receives the cancellation.
You may receive electronic confirmation of cancellation, but that only means
your cancellation request was received - not that your order was actually
canceled.
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